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Bewustzijn - shutterstock
Bewustzijn - shutterstock

Course | Awareness; The hard problem

THIS COURSE IS IN DUTCH |What is consciousness? Philosophers have long pondered this question. But what is the current state of thinking about consciousness? Will we ever understand how the electrical activity in our brains ultimately produces our whole inner world, with all its feelings, impressions and experiences? Or should we accept that this may remain a mystery forever?

    General

    The hard problem 

    Can we ever get a grip on consciousness? At the heart of consciousness are subjective experiences. As a result, some argue that science, which describes the world objectively, can never get a grip on consciousness. This is known as The hard problem. On the other hand, we are gaining more and more knowledge about what consciousness does for us. Could this knowledge eventually lead to a knowledge of what consciousness is?

    Animals, AI, psychiatry and more 

    Having explained The hard problem, as a student you will learn what different fields of study have to say about what consciousness does for humans, animals and, who knows, even machines. Do animals have consciousness, and how is it different from that of humans? Can we talk about consciousness in robots, and what would be the consequences? How does our idea of consciousness affect how we think about psychiatric disorders? And what can neuroscience tell us about consciousness? Can consciousness be measured in the brain?  

    At the end of the course you will take stock: will we ever be able to understand what consciousness is by mapping what consciousness does? In the final lecture, all the lecturers will discuss with each other and with the students whether the problem of subjective experience - The hard problem - is solvable.

    Join this course and learn more about consciousness.

    Starting date

    28 October 2025, 7:30 pm
    City
    Nijmegen
    Tuesday 28 October 2025
    Costs
    €210
    Includes reader, coffee and tea
    Educational method
    On-site
    Main Language
    Dutch
    Sessions
    28 October 2025, 7:30 pm - 10 pm
    04 November 2025, 7:30 pm - 10 pm
    11 November 2025, 7:30 pm - 10 pm
    18 November 2025, 7:30 pm - 10 pm
    25 November 2025, 7:30 pm - 10 pm
    02 December 2025, 7:30 pm - 10 pm
    Number of sessions
    6
    Deadline registration
    27 October 2025, 12 pm

    Factsheet

    Type of education
    Course
    Entry requirements
    No entry requirements
    Study hours
    15
    Organisation
    Radboud Reflects

    Contact information

    More information: mail to cursussen-reflects [at] ru.nl (cursussen-reflects[at]ru[dot]nl)

    1. Tuesday 28|10|25 - The Hard Problem of Consciousness 

      This lecture revolves around the concept of qualia - the qualitative properties of subjective experience that are said to undermine the materialist scientific worldview. After reviewing the arguments that seem to show this, we consider a number of important objections to the concept of qualia. This lecture outlines the debate about consciousness that serves as the background for the rest of the course. 
      Cognitive philosopher Marc Slors 

       

    2. Tuesday 04|11|25 Animals and Consciousness 

      Which animals have consciousness? Can we say that a bird is "more conscious" than a fish, or are they just "differently conscious"? And how do animals' bodies and senses influence their consciousness? In this lecture we will look at how we can explore and understand the consciousness of non-human animals. 
      Philosopher Bas van Woerkum - Rooker

       

    3. Tuesday 11|11|25 Artificial intelligence and consciousness 

      Although artificial intelligence (AI) is capable of processing vast amounts of data and solving complex problems, it still falls short in terms of flexibility, general applicability and access to the world of humans and other animals. Can AI ever develop true consciousness, or is it merely simulating an understanding of the world? We explore key perspectives within contemporary cognitive science and AI philosophy that challenge the idea that consciousness makes a clear distinction between mind and machine.
      Philosopher Nina Poth 

       

    4. Tuesday 18|11|25 Psychiatry and Consciousness 

      Psychiatric dysregulation always involves a (radically subjective) change in consciousness. In some cases, such a change in consciousness is even seen as the essence of the disorder. Is this really the case? And what can these changes in consciousness teach us about how we are made?
      Philosopher Linde van Schuppen

       

    5. Tuesday 25|11|25 Neuroscience and consciousness 

      How it is possible for something to exist that thinks, feels, and experiences has been described as “the biggest problem in science.” At the same time, some are convinced that (neuro)science will never actually be able to say anything about this “mystery of consciousness. Using studies and examples from (cognitive) neuroscience, it is shown how consciousness is like bread - with a little good will, the mystery evaporates in the light of solid research.
      Neuroscientist Eelke Spaak 
       

    6. Tuesday 02|12|25 Is the hard problem solvable? Conversation with all teachers 

      Consciousness is subjective and unknowable. Is this hard problem solvable? All lecturers of the course will discuss it with each other.  
      Philosophers Marc Slors, Bas van Woerkum-Rooker, Nina Poth and Linde van Schuppen and neuroscientist Eelke Spaak. 

    Marc Slors is professor of Cognitive Philosophy at uu77. Cognitive Philosophy examines the human “mind” and its relationship to the brain and behavior. Marc Slors' research focuses on the relationship between cognition and culture. His previous work has focused on the philosophy of neuroscience, free will, social cognition and the self.

    Bas van Woerkum-Rooker received his PhD from uu77 in 2024 in the philosophy of animal cognition. His dissertation, Ecologies of Animal Minds, explores how we can understand the intelligence of non-human animal species without using our intuitions about human cognition as a starting point.

    Nina Poth is university lecturer in Philosophy of Cognition and Language at uu77. Her research spans philosophy of cognition, philosophy of mind and epistemology. She is particularly interested in understanding learning, reasoning and rationality in human, nonhuman and artificial systems.

    Linde van Schuppen is a visiting researcher in the Department of Philosophy of Cognition and Language at uu77. Her research combines (cognitive) linguistics and narrative theory with philosophy of cognition and the philosophy of psychiatry. During her PhD track, she investigated the narratives of people with a schizophrenia diagnosis.

    Eelke Spaak is an associate professor at the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour. He conducts research on conscious visual perception and its neural bases. In particular, he uses magneto- and electrophysiological experimental techniques, advanced (behavioral) data analysis and models, and theoretical reflection.

    This course is designed for anyone with a broad interest in philosophy and neuroscience. Prior knowledge is not necessary.

    Participation, including reader costs € 210.

    Workload

    TThe course consists of 15 contact hours and (optional) several hours of self-study for reading the texts in the reader.

    Reading tip: Marc Slors and Jolien Francken.

    At the end of the course you will receive a LinkedIn badge.

    Terms and conditions

    Registration for this course is open until 27 October 2025. Your enrolment is valid upon receipt of payment. 
    Are you unexpectedly unable to attend? Cancel before 28 September 2025 and receive a 100% refund of your registration fee. After this date, you will receive a 50% refund or you can register for another course. Please email cursussen-reflects [at] ru.nl.  
    There is no refund if you are only unable to attend one or more sessions.